One of the main commitments made by CBD, the guidelines of which India has implemented through its National Biodiversity Act, is providing fair and equitable sharing of benefits arising out of utilization of genetic resources. The reason being that the indigenous and local communities that co-habit with rich-biodiversity regions are dependent on them and so the benefits need to be shared with them.
The Nagoya protocol on access to Genetic Resources and the Fair and Equitable Sharing of Benefits Arising from their Utilization was adopted in 2010 and India being the signatory of the same, notified the Guidelines on Access to Biological Resources and Associated Knowledge and Benefit Sharing Regulations, 2014 (ABS).